Sistema Inmune y embarazo: características generales en mujeres sanas y en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas

Ana María Torres Lima, María Victoria Hernández Cuéllar, Ana Yolanda Rodríguez Torres

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Resumen

Durante el embarazo, el sistema inmune funciona como un caso particular de tolerancia frente a antígenos semialogénicos, lo cual constituye una excepción en los postulados de la transplantología. Felizmente para nuestra especie, estos mecanismos son muy eficientes y permiten que el binomio madre/feto convivan en armonía. En esta revisión enfatizamos en aquellos mecanismos inmunológicos y hormonales que están involucrados en la tolerancia durante la gestación y  en las pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes reumáticas, en las cuáles estos mecanismos de tolerancia a lo propio están alterados como parte intrínseca de la patogenia de su enfermedad están alterados, los embarazos pueden o no producir cambios en el curso clínico de su enfermedad y cuáles recomendaciones son aconsejables para llevar a buen término un embarazo en pacientes reumáticas.

Palabras clave

embarazo; tolerancia inmunológica; enfermedades reumáticas

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