Efectividad de la broncoscopía en el diagnóstico de la neoplasia pulmonar. Hospital Arnaldo Milián Castro
Keywords:
cáncer, efectividad, broncoscopía, biopsia, cepilladoAbstract
Introducción: El cáncer pulmonar es un conjunto de enfermedades resultantes del crecimiento anormal de células del tracto respiratorio.
Objetivo: Describir la efectividad de la broncoscopía en el diagnóstico de la neoplasia pulmonar en pacientes adultos.
Método: Se realizó un estudio transversal, prospectivo en el servicio de Neumología del HAMC, en el período (enero 2018 a diciembre 2020). La población fue de 305 y la muestra de 208 pacientes. Se empleó el análisis de las historias clínicas individuales y la estadística descriptiva.
Resultados: Prevalecieron los hombres con 126 (60,6 %) y el grupo de edad de 60-69 años con 67 (37 %) casos. El síntoma cardinal fue la tos con 82 (39,4 %). El adenocarcinoma 78 (37,5%) seguido por el carcinoma escamoso 66 (31,7 %) fueron las variedades histológicas frecuentes.
Conclusiones: La biopsia aportó mayor positividad para las variedades de localización central, como el carcinoma escamoso y el de células pequeñas.
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