Caracterización clínica, epidemiológica y humoral de pacientes con artritis reumatoide
Keywords:
artritis reumatoide, epidemiología, medicina clínica, exámenes médicosAbstract
RESUMEN
Introducción: La artritis reumatoide presenta una distribución universal, su prevalencia varía entre el 0,5 al 2 % en la población general y, de forma global, ha sido estimada en 1 %.
Objetivo: Caracterizar la población de enfermos aquejada de artritis reumatoide, según particularidades epidemiológicas, clínicas y humorales.
Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de 50 pacientes con diagnóstico de artritis reumatoide, en la consulta de Reumatología, de la provincia de Santiago de Cuba, en el periodo comprendido desde mayo del 2021 a mayo del 2023. En el análisis estadístico se utilizaron la frecuencia absoluta y el porcentaje para las variables cualitativas. Se aplicó el test de Fisher-Irving de probabilidades exactas para identificar asociación estadísticamente significativa entre criterios cualitativos seleccionados, con un nivel de confianza de 95 %.
Resultados: Predominó el grupo de edad de 45 a 64 años de edad y el sexo femenino para un 70,0 % y 82,0 %, respectivamente. El factor reumatoideo fue positivo en el 84,0 % de los pacientes, y no se encontró asociación estadística significativa entre resultado del factor reumatoideo y la presencia de artritis en las articulaciones de la muñeca, metacarpofalángicas e interfalángicas proximales.
Conclusiones: Predominan los sujetos del sexo femenino, en edades intermedias y avanzadas de la vida; y la frecuencia del daño artrítico bilateral en las articulaciones de la muñeca, metacarpofalángicas e interfalángicas proximales no guarda relación con la positividad al factor reumatoideo.
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