Usefulness of early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease with plasma biomarkers
Keywords:
razón Aβ42 / Aβ40 en plasma, enfermedad de AlzheimerAbstract
This review analyzes the key role of plasma biomarkers (Aβ42/40, p-tau181, p-tau217, GFAP, and NfL) in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Recent evidence demonstrates that these markers, especially p-tau217, show a high correlation with PET and CSF findings (AUC 0.89–0.95), allowing the identification of amyloid and tau pathology years before the onset of symptoms. Their implementation in primary care using algorithms such as the PLASMA-Score could reduce costs and improve early detection. However, challenges remain, such as standardization between laboratories and the influence of comorbidities. Multimodal strategies that combine biomarkers with artificial intelligence are revolutionizing population screening and clinical trials. These advances position blood tests as transformative tools for the management of Alzheimer's disease, although further studies are needed to validate their routine use in clinical practice.
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