Anti-ribosomal P antibodies: diagnostic utility in systemic lupus erythematosus and association with lupus nephritis
Keywords:
anti-ribosomal P, double-stranded anti-DNA, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritisAbstract
Introduction: Anti-ribosomal P antibodies (anti-RibP) are serological markers of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Its role in lupus nephritis (LN) is under debate.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of anti-RibP in Cuban patients with SLE and to examine the association of anti-RibP with LN.
Methods: Serum levels of anti-RibP and anti-double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid antibodies (anti-dsDNA) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in adult patients diagnosed with SLE (n = 110), other rheumatic diseases (n = 109) and healthy individuals (n = 44). The diagnosis of LN was confirmed by histopathological criteria of the biopsy. The sensitivity and specificity for SLE were calculated against other rheumatic diseases.
Results: The sensitivity of anti-RibP and anti-dsDNA for SLE was 18.2 and 71.8%, and the specificity was 98.2 and 82.6%, respectively. Anti-dsDNA revealed greater diagnostic efficiency for SLE than anti-RibP (area under the curve = 0.835, 96% CI = 0.781-0.890; vs. 0.557, 95% CI = 0.479-0.635). No dependence of anti-RibP on anti-dsDNA was observed (r = 0.130, p = 0.177). The incidence of LN was higher in anti-dsDNA + patients compared to anti-dsDNA patients (50.6 vs. 19.4%, p = 0.005), while there were no differences in the distribution of LN in anti-RibP + patients compared to anti-RibP- (40.0 vs. 42.2%, p = 0.946). The coexistence of anti-RibP and anti-dsDNA did not correspond to a higher incidence of LN (50.0 vs. 40.4%, p = 0.657).
Conclusions: The high specificity for SLE was the diagnostic virtue of anti-RibP. Anti-dsDNA, and not anti-RibP, were associated with NL.
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